Realidad virtual y aumentada
Las 5 grandes tendencias de realidad aumentada y virtual para este año
La realidad virtual, en la que los usuarios llevan auriculares y están completamente inmersos en entornos generados por ordenador, se ha desarrollado para satisfacer las necesidades de diseño, marketing, educación, formación y venta al por menor.
La realidad aumentada, en la que las imágenes de ordenador se superponen a la visión del usuario del mundo real, a través de una pantalla o unos auriculares, es un reto más complejo, ya que requiere que el software "vea" lo que tiene delante. Pero nos estamos acostumbrando a ver que se utiliza para algo más que añadir funciones como de dibujos animados para seleccionar imágenes o detectar los Pokemon en la naturaleza.
Con el gasto global en tecnología de RX que se prevé que aumente en un 78,5% el próximo año en comparación con este año, ambas tecnologías serán tendencias clave a tener en cuenta en el 2020. Es probable que veamos una gran cantidad de nuevo hardware que ofrece una mayor inmersión y realismo, así como casos de uso innovadores a medida que la industria se vaya familiarizando con lo que puede hacer.
El uso industrial supera a los juegos y el entretenimiento
La mayoría de las experiencias de RV y RA de hoy en día se dan en el ámbito de los juegos y el entretenimiento. Es probable que esto cambie, ya que las investigaciones demuestran que el desarrollo de soluciones de RX para empresas está superando al de las soluciones para consumidores. El informe "2020 XR Industry Insight", elaborado por VR Intelligence, afirma que el 65% de las empresas de RV encuestadas dijeron que estaban trabajando en aplicaciones industriales, mientras que sólo el 37% lo hacían en productos de consumo y software.
Esto no debería sorprender, ya que aunque los juegos han sido noticia en los últimos años gracias a Pokemon Go y a Oculus Rift de Facebook, el potencial para aumentar la productividad y la seguridad mediante la RX lo convierte en una propuesta atractiva para la industria. La RV puede utilizarse para simular el trabajo en entornos peligrosos o con herramientas y equipos caros y fácilmente dañados, sin ninguno de los riesgos. Por otra parte, la RV puede utilizarse para transmitir información esencial directamente al usuario sobre cualquier cosa que se encuentre delante de él, reduciendo así el tiempo que los ingenieros, técnicos o personal de mantenimiento dedican a consultar los manuales y a buscar información en línea mientras están trabajando.
XR takes off in healthcare
The potential uses for these technologies in healthcare are obvious, and over 2020 we can expect to see many of these use cases transition from trials and pilots and gradually into general use. Virtual reality has already been adopted in therapy, where it is used to treat patients with phobias and anxiety disorders. Combined with biosensors that monitor physiological reactions like heart rate and perspiration, therapists can get a better understanding of how patients react to stressful situations in a safe, virtual environment. VR is also used to help people with autism develop social and communication skills, as well as to diagnose patients with visual or cognitive impairments, by tracking their eye movement.
The adoption of AR in healthcare is forecast to grow even more quickly – with the value of the market increasing by 38% annually until 2025. AR can be used by surgeons – both in the theater and in training – to alert them to risks or hazards while they are working. One app which has been developed uses AR to guide users towards defibrillator devices, should they need one when they are out in public. Another one helps nurses to find patients’ veins and avoid accidentally sticking needles where they aren’t wanted. As these innovations and others like them lead to improved patient outcomes and reduced cost of treatment, they are likely to become increasingly widespread throughout 2020.
5G opens new possibilities for VR and AR
Super-fast mobile networks will further boost the potential of XR to strengthen its presence in entertainment and make further inroads into industry during 2020.
The potential for data transfer speeds of up to 3 gigabits per second – by comparison, the average home broadband delivers well under 100 megabits per second – means 5G should be fast enough to stream VR and AR data from the cloud. Rather than needing to be wired up to powerful PCs, or encumbered by on-board hardware, viewing devices will upload tracking data to data centers where the heavy processing will be done. The rendered images can be delivered back to the user in real-time thanks to the speed of 5G and other advanced networks.
Streaming VR has been possible in a limited way for a few years now – Facebook lets you do it with your phone, but the experience is limited due to data transfer speeds and low on-device processing power. Combining it with the cloud and 5G technology means designers of VR and AR tools will be unencumbered by the need to deliver their experiences into a low-bandwidth, low-powered environment. The result will be cheaper headsets and viewing devices and more realistic VR simulations.
More of us will learn through VR and AR
Educational experiences in VR and AR will continue to become increasingly common throughout 2020. The immersive nature of VR means that pupils can engage with learning in fun new ways, and AR brings new flexibility to on-the-job training.
Already students can take a trip through time to visit the ancient Romans, or through space to experience conditions on other planets. But as the technology becomes moves away from niche and becomes part of the fabric of everyday education, we’re likely to see growth apart from simply providing "experiences," into solving problems with current education systems. Distance learners could be taught in VR classrooms, meaning they don’t miss out on the benefits of learning in a collaborative environment, while AR training aids can ensure that access to the information needed to carry out a job is always on hand.
FUENTE:
Forbes